The 2025 Angel Investment Survey, released in partnership with United Nations Development Programme and research firm Briter, draws on responses from over 60 active angels and network managers.

It also uses transaction data tracked by Briter Intelligence.

The report shows that 29% of respondents have paused or reduced their investments. Another 41% said they are still investing but with caution, usually focusing on companies already in their portfolios.

Even so, the ecosystem is still expanding. There are now more than 75 active angel networks across the continent and participation is getting wider, with women making up 37% of investors and diaspora investors accounting for 33%.

Most individual angels are writing smaller cheques, with more than 90% investing below $25,000, up from 76% a year earlier. In contrast, angel networks are handling larger deals, with 8% reporting investments above $100,000.

Funding conditions are tight, comprising limited exit opportunities and liquidity which are the biggest concern, as revealed by 21% of respondents. Others pointed to weak deal flow, knowledge gaps, and the high cost of investing.

Despite these challenges, angels are still backing growth sectors. About 32% take a sector-agnostic approach, spreading investments across industries. Among those with preferences, agriculture and agritech rank highest for networks and remain a key area for individual investors.

Investment patterns also show a tilt towards lower risk. Many angels prefer startups that are already generating revenue and showing traction. At the same time, close to one in three invest across all stages of a company’s journey.

Performance data in the report shows strong outcomes for Africa’s startups that secure angel investment backing. It shows that 65% of companies in surveyed portfolios have raised follow-on funding.

Separate data from Briter Intelligence puts the follow-on rate at 40% for angel-backed African startups.

Some companies, the report notes, are growing without raising additional capital.

Hence, the findings reveal that the market is growing in size and diversity but facing high risks. Investors are still active, but they are more careful with capital and selective about where it goes.

With the investment, the firm is returning to its roots following years of challenges, including the collapse of FTX and a major structural overhaul.

The venture firm announced a $750 million fund for Series A startups and a $200 million fund dedicated to seed-stage ventures. 

Same sizes as the ones launched in 2021, the current fund is an intentional nod to stability after what many investors have described as one of Sequoia’s most challenging periods.

“Markets go up and down, but our strategy remains consistent. We’re always looking for outlier founders with ideas to build generational businesses,” said Bogomil Balkansky, partner at Sequoia’s early-stage investment team.

The firm’s current goal of early-stage investing seeks to capture promising startups before valuations spiral. With AI startup prices increasing to high levels, Sequoia wants to get in early, when ownership stakes are more meaningful and pricing is still grounded in potential rather than later.

This disciplined focus is a cultural and operational reset for the firm. After losing over $200 million in its failed investment in cryptocurrency exchange FTX and spinning off its India and China arms, now Peak XV Partners and HongShan, Sequoia has bolstered its focus on the U.S. and European markets. 

The firm’s internal restructuring aims to simplify decision-making and strengthen engagement with founders from the earliest stages of their journey.

“Our ambition has always been and continues to be to identify these founders as early as possible; to roll up our sleeves and be a very active participant in their company-building journey,” Balkansky added.

Sequoia’s recent portfolio choices show a strong tilt toward AI infrastructure and developer tools rather than purely consumer-facing products. 

Among its notable early investments are Xbow, focused on AI security testing; Traversal, a reliability engineering firm; and Reflection AI, an open-source alternative to DeepSeek. 

Sequoia’s introduction of Reflection AI to Nvidia’s Jensen Huang reportedly led to a $500 million investment from the chipmaker.

The firm’s earlier investments in Clay, Harvey, n8n, Sierra, and Temporal have also multiplied in value, further validating its early-entry strategy. 

Beyond capital, Sequoia continues to provide hands-on support, helping with executive recruitment, customer connections, and strategic partnerships.

While the firm’s name remains synonymous with success stories like Airbnb, Google, Nvidia, and Stripe, Sequoia is acutely aware that reputation alone cannot sustain its legacy. 

In its newly renovated headquarters, every investor has handwritten a reminder on the wall: “We are only as good as our next investment.”

This simple phrase encapsulates Sequoia’s renewed mindset, a blend of humility and conviction that even with AI exuberance, the firm’s value lies in its ability to spot the next transformative idea before anyone else. The new Sequoia Capital early-stage funds are just right on time.

The companies will also join Madica’s intensive 18-month support programme, designed to help early-stage founders build scalable, investment-ready businesses.

Madica is seeking to close Africa’s funding gap by backing founders and startups usually overlooked by traditional venture capital. 

Since launching in 2022, the programme has focused on entrepreneurs from underrepresented regions and industries, providing capital and the kind of mentorship as well as structure that can make or break early ventures.

Both startups bring artificial intelligence into real-world African contexts. Anavid, founded by Ahmed Chaari and David Nilsson, uses AI to integrate with retail surveillance systems, reducing theft losses and improving in-store experience. 

Hypeo AI, led by Meriam Bessa and Salah Eddine Mimouni, provides a software solution that automates influencer marketing, from brand matching to campaign payments.

For Madica, these investments will help enhance innovation, which is also thriving across Africa, not just in a few well-known hubs.

“At Madica, we believe and continue to prove that some of the world’s most transformative ideas come from places that are too often ignored,” said Emmanuel Adegboye, head of Madica. “The founders we’ve just welcomed are visionaries, building solutions with the power to uplift communities and shape industries. We’re proud to stand with them as they take on the next stage of their journey.”

For the founders, the partnership provides access to Madica’s growing investor network, business coaching, and two fully funded immersion trips to leading tech ecosystems both within and outside Africa. 

These trips, part of Madica’s structured learning model, give founders a platform to engage directly with investors, mentors, and other founders solving similar challenges.

Speaking on Hypeo AI’s mission, Meriam Bessa, the company’s co-founder and CEO, said, “Our region is rapidly growing with creative energy, but without the right digital backbone, it often goes untapped. We’re changing that by using AI to reimagine how brands and creators find each other, collaborate, and thrive. Backing by Madica will help us strengthen our AI capabilities to achieve this goal.”

Madica has also partnered with the African Business Angel Network (ABAN) to expand deal flow and co-investment opportunities for its portfolio companies. The collaboration, unveiled at the ABAN Congress in Lagos, aims to improve access to local capital and connect angel investors with institutional partners.

According to Yemi Keri, President of ABAN, “The future of Africa’s innovation economy depends on how effectively we can mobilise local capital and empower local investors. Our collaboration with Madica helps bridge the gap between angel investors and institutional capital, ensuring that more funding comes from within the continent, and that startups everywhere in Africa can access the right type of support to scale.”

Madica’s portfolio already includes a mix of standout startups such as Medikea, Daleela, Pixii Motors, and ToumAI, with a strong focus on gender diversity and regional inclusion. 

Its model combines funding with hands-on learning, helping founders refine governance, growth strategy, and personal well-being, areas often neglected in early-stage business building.

To date, Madica has continued to scout for new investment opportunities across the continent. Eligible startups must have a minimum viable product (MVP), ideally with paying customers, and be led by full-time African founders with limited prior institutional backing.

The team recently participated in Moonshot by TechCabal in Lagos and is heading to Big Angels Day Africa in Dakar this October, part of its approach to meet founders where they are, and to bring early-stage capital closer to the people shaping Africa’s digital future.

It was a fitting homecoming for Africa’s startup sector. Ten years after ABAN was born to unite early-stage investors across the continent, the movement returned to where Africa’s entrepreneurs thrive the hardest, Lagos.

The 2025 ABAN Annual Congress, themed “Accelerating Local Capital Participation,” gathered hundreds of founders, investors, policymakers, and ecosystem enablers to tackle the question of “Who really funds Africa’s future?”

Representing Governor Babajide Sanwo-Olu, Mrs Folashade Ambrose-Medebem, Lagos State commissioner for Commerce, Cooperatives, Trade and Investment, described the city, with 23 million people and more than 2,000 active startups, as a living, breathing symbol of African ambition. 

“Lagos stands as the commercial heartbeat of Africa and a city of boundless enterprise, boundless resilience and boundless innovation,” she said, welcoming the continent’s top angel investors.

She also noted the city contributes over 30% to Nigeria’s GDP and houses 65% of its industrial activity, but its actual power lies in what it’s building, a model megacity driven by innovation, not just infrastructure.

Through reforms, Lagos has simplified business registration, created startup funds, and is now developing the Lagos State Medical Innovation Industrial Zone, Ikorodu Industrial Hub, and a new International Convention Centre.

“Beyond the numbers, Lagos State is a story of determination, creativity, and possibility,” Ambrose-Medebem said. “It is where ideas become industries and where vision meets execution.”

Osinbajo: Believe Before You Build

Prof. Yemi Osinbajo, speaking on the heart of Africa’s funding dilemma, said, “Without local belief and resilience, there is no local validation. Unless there is local belief and resilience, why should anyone invest in us?”

He challenged investors to become “the capital that understands the context, stays through the storm, mentors, guides, and builds companies designed to last in Africa or after that.”

“When we invest locally, we are not just funding startups, we are funding our own future.”

A Reality Check for Africa’s Angels

That future, however, still faces major gaps, as Khaled Ismail, chairman of HIMAngels, pointed out in his session on The State of Angel Investing in Africa.

He revealed that Africa now counts around 6,000 angel investors, up from barely a hundred a decade ago. Yet, only 10% of them are actively investing.

“Imagine all of those 6,000 were investing. Imagine how big the ecosystem would have grown,” he said.

The continent’s average angel investment ticket sits at $3,500 per year, compared to $15,000 in India, a country with the same population but five times more investors. That gap, Ismail argued, has ripple effects across the entire ecosystem.

“That’s 20 times more angel capital being poured into India’s ecosystem compared to Africa’s,” he said. “And it’s no surprise that they have more unicorns and exits, their base is simply bigger.”

But beyond the numbers, Ismail reminded us what true angel investing really means.

“It’s not just about making money. It’s about giving back, mentoring, sharing experience. If you don’t get involved, it will never happen,” he said. “Just putting your money and sleeping on it will not get you there.”

He called for better alignment between angels, founders, and venture capitalists, and for new clauses that let angels exit early when venture funding arrives, freeing up funds for fresh investments.

“If angels don’t exit, they won’t invest again,” he warned. “And if they don’t invest again, the pipeline breaks.”

Ten Years On: A Movement Grows

Commendably, ABAN also celebrated those who are building that pipeline. Adedotun Sulaiman was named Angel Investor of the Year, while Core Angels MEA received Angel Network of the Year.

For an ecosystem once dependent on foreign backing, the progress is concrete, but the work is far from over. Africa’s next decade of growth will depend on building confidence, capital, and collaboration at home.

In Osinbajo’s words, “Let’s first be believers.”

Focused on strengthening local capital participation across the continent, the partnership is designed to bridge long-standing gaps between early-stage startups and local investors, focusing on three critical areas, including pipeline sharing, market knowledge exchange, and ecosystem development. 

Together, both organisations aim to build a stronger foundation for sustainable startup growth driven by African investors and African capital.

Speaking at the signing ceremony, Yemi Keri, president of ABAN, said, “The future of Africa’s innovation economy depends on how effectively we can mobilise local capital and empower local investors. Our collaboration with Madica helps bridge the gap between angel investors and institutional capital, ensuring that more funding comes from within the continent, and that startups everywhere in Africa can access the right type of support to scale.”

Under the new MoU, ABAN and Madica Ventures will share access to curated, investment-ready startups, focusing on underserved regions that usually fall outside major investment hubs. 

Both parties will also facilitate direct learning between African angel investors and Madica’s global investment experts, a move expected to boost investor trust and improve deal quality across the board.

Emmanuel Adegboye, head of Madica, reinforced the partnership’s mission to go beyond funding:

“Early-stage founders in Africa need more than just capital. They need a community of investors who understand their context and champion their growth. We have seen firsthand that remarkable founders exist in every corner of the continent, yet too many remain disconnected from the capital and networks they need to thrive. 

“Through this collaboration with ABAN, we are closing that gap, aligning angels and institutional investors to work in sync, expand early funding pathways, and ensure that high-potential startups, wherever they are in Africa, have a real shot at scale.”

The agreement, which will remain active for two years, sets a foundation for more collaborative initiatives aimed at aligning local wealth with Africa’s rapidly growing startup scene.

Fadilah Tchoumba, CEO of ABAN, noted, “This collaboration reinforces our belief that Africans must finance Africa’s growth. By working with Madica, we are amplifying local capital participation and creating new pathways for investors to engage more meaningfully with the continent’s most promising ventures.”

Beyond the signatures and formalities, the ABAN–Madica partnership goes beyond capital mobilisation, it focuses on ownership, influence, and redefining the flow of investment power back to the continent.

In merging ABAN’s extensive angel network with Madica’s venture-building expertise, both organisations are bolstering how Africa’s startup ecosystem can evolve, prioritising sustainability, inclusivity, and local empowerment over dependency on foreign capital.

Africa’s next wave of innovation will be financed by Africans themselves.

Over the past decade, angel networks across Africa have invested $35 million into more than 1,200 early-stage startups, a solid foundation, but tiny compared to the continent’s potential. 

In the East African economic block alone, 18 active networks, from Nairobi Business Angel Network to Ajax Capital Group, form one of the region’s most active clusters. However, real capital flows usually lag behind policy results.

At ABAN Congress 2025 in Lagos, themed “Accelerating Local Capital Participation,” this gap will be addressed. African startups raised $289 million in 2025 alone, with 90% in equity deals, revealing a shift toward more structured, scalable investment. 

Angel syndicates now account for 46% of investments, enabling pooled capital, shared risk, and larger deals. Catalytic Africa, ABAN’s co-investment platform, has mobilised 10× more capital since 2022, backing startups across 15+ countries. Despite these advances, we wonder why policy is not translating into capital in the hands of founders?

To understand why these policies haven’t fully translated into funding, Techeconomy spoke with Martin Warioba, managing partner at Warioba Ventures and a leading voice in East Africa’s investment ecosystem, to dissect the gap between policy intentions and actual capital deployment, and explore ways to turn investor-friendly frameworks into real-world funding.

Turning Policy into Capital

On the disconnect between policy and execution, Warioba says: “Policies like the Startup Act or tax incentives mainly exist but are undermined by unclear implementation guidelines, slow regulatory approvals, and minimal awareness among local stakeholders.”

“The real gap is execution muscle and ecosystem feedback loops. Without collaboration between policymakers and actual capital deployers, policies risk becoming symbolic rather than catalytic.”

A policy in East Africa that has already had a measurable impact on early-stage investment is Rwanda’s Capital Markets Authority (CMA) regulatory framework for Collective Investment Schemes (CIS).

“This has provided a clear path for registering venture capital funds and has attracted cross-border investment. Warioba Ventures has leveraged this policy to structure its Pan-African VC fund with domiciliation in Kigali.

“Catalytic Africa’s matching fund could be another example – though not a policy per se – has operationalised policy intentions by directly channelling local and foreign capital into early-stage startups.”

While Rwanda shows what’s possible with the right framework, scaling impact across East Africa also requires active participation from angel networks.

The Role of Angel Networks

Angel investor networks, Warioba explains, are essential to bridging the gap between policy and capital: “Angel networks are the frontline of early-stage capital. They see firsthand what policies work, where frictions lie, and what founders need to thrive. Angel networks can translate these insights into actionable policy proposals – on tax breaks, capital gains treatment, investor protection, and cross-border capital mobility.

“More importantly, angel networks can pilot co-investment models, like Catalytic Africa, that demonstrate what’s possible when policy meets private initiative.”

Warioba stresses that inclusive policy must extend beyond urban hubs: “Governments must decentralise innovation infrastructure – innovation hubs, access capital, and capacity building programs – beyond major cities. Policies should include incentives for investors who support startups in rural or underserved regions.

“Digital infrastructure and interoperable payment systems remain foundational to building inclusive ecosystems across East Africa’s secondary cities and border regions.”

On government agencies to partner with in order to unlock capital flows immediately, he says: “I will work with the Ministry of Finance to establish the Startup Investment Guarantee Facility backed by public and philanthropic capital.

“This facility would de-risk private and foreign capital entering early-stage startups through first-loss guarantees and co-investment structures into early-stage funds managed by licensed local GPs. This would signal long-term national commitment and crowd in institutional and private participation across the region.”

With ABAN Congress 2025 approaching, Warioba stresses that policies alone do not move capital for any startup; but combined with strategic co-investment models, engaged angel networks, and targeted government initiatives, East Africa has the potential to become a thriving region where startups can scale successfully.