The payments cover certified obligations linked to completed government projects across different sectors.

In the latest round alone, the ministry approved settlements for over 1,240 contractors. Officials say a large share of the disbursement went to small and medium-sized firms affected by long payment delays. 

“The Federal Ministry of Finance has approved payments to more than 1,240 contractors, providing immediate liquidity support to businesses across the country and reinforcing the Federal Government’s commitment to meeting its financial obligations,” the statement said. 

The ministry also noted that about N436.6 billion was processed in May, making it one of the strongest monthly releases in recent months.

Earlier in January 2026, the government released N152 billion after contractor groups carried out activities, including protests led by the Association of Indigenous Contractors of Nigeria (AICAN). 

That protest forced discussions with the Ministry of State for Finance, led by Doris Uzoka-Anite. The Senate later stepped in and set up a committee to engage the ministry and ensure a resolution to outstanding payments.

Contractor associations estimate that total verified liabilities stand at about N4 trillion, covering capital and infrastructure projects executed before and during the 2024 fiscal cycle. 

While the 2026 Appropriation Bill set aside N100 billion for contractor debts, many groups say the figure falls far short of what is owed, and they haven’t stopped pressing for comprehensive settlement.

For many small firms, the payments provide short-term relief. Contractors say the inflows help restart stalled projects in Nigeria, settle workers’ wages, and clear debt owed to suppliers. 

Some also point to reduced stress from banks and lenders after months of limited cash flow caused by unpaid government jobs.

The Finance Ministry maintains that all payments go through strict verification checks before release. Funds are paid directly through Central Bank remittances into contractors’ commercial bank accounts, a system officials say improves traceability and reduces leakages.

The company confirmed on Monday that interested customers will be migrated into Paystack MFB before July 31, 2026, further noting that its business banking operations will now sit within Paystack’s regulated banking system.

“Brass will move its business banking into Paystack MFB,” the company said. “As part of this transition, Brass will no longer operate as an independent entity.”

Brass launched in 2020 with a focus on small and growing businesses. It offered accounts, payroll tools, expense tracking and cash-flow management. Many SMEs used the platform as an alternative to traditional banking systems that was previously slow and rigid.

By late 2023, cracks began to show. Customers reported delays in accessing funds, and issues spread across the startup ecosystem. The challenge around withdrawals affected trust in deposit-like fintech services it offered

Things escalated into a liquidity crisis that placed the company under serious stress. Founders and operators publicly voiced out at the time, as issues grew around customer balances and operational stability.

A rescue deal followed in May 2024, when a consortium led by Paystack, alongside PiggyVest, Ventures Platform, and P1 Ventures acquired Brass after months of instability.

At the time, investors described the takeover as a stabilising step, saying they wanted to support the company’s mission and restore confidence in operations. Brass’s co-founders later exited the business after the acquisition.

In Monday’s statement, Brass said the months after the deal focused on rebuilding its systems. New leadership, led by Philip Obosi and Yvonne Obike, took charge of operations and internal processes.

Progress eventually made one direction clearer. “As we rebuilt and as our platform became more mature, something became increasingly clear,” Brass said. “The next phase of our growth could not be achieved alone.”

That path now leads directly into Paystack’s banking infrastructure.

Paystack has expanded steadily beyond payments. In January 2026, it entered Nigeria’s banking space through the acquisition of Ladder Microfinance Bank, which became Paystack Microfinance Bank.

The bank now provides transfers, treasury services and other business banking tools. Brass’s SME-focused products fit into that structure without major adjustment.

Paystack itself, acquired by Stripe in 2020, has continually strengthened its focus on regulated financial services across Africa.

Ever since, however, the sector has changed. During the funding boom between 2020 and 2022, many fintechs built overlapping products and competed for the same business customers. That expansion slowed when capital became tougher to get.

Regulators also increased oversight, especially around deposit-like services and liquidity management. Several companies have since restructured or merged to stay stable.

Consolidation has followed, with Flutterwave acquiring open banking firm Mono earlier in 2026, while Paystack’s absorption of Brass aligns with that pattern of consolidation.

Brass described its exit as a continuation rather than a closure. “This transition marks a new chapter,” the company stated, “with even greater capability for the businesses we serve.”

For SMEs, the migration brings accounts and operations into a regulated banking environment under Paystack MFB. Customers will receive direct communication on next steps ahead of the July 2026 deadline.

Their role is both significant and indispensable. Yet, despite this considerable contribution, many continue to operate below their full potential, constrained not by ambition or capability, but by structural barriers that limit their ability to scale.

This tension between potential and constraint was at the heart of discussions I participated in last month in London, at the “Leveraging Youth Development, Innovation and Entrepreneurship” event on the sidelines of President Tinubu’s UK–Nigeria State Visit.

Convened in partnership with Nigeria’s Ministry of Youth Development, the Small and Medium Enterprises Development Agency of Nigeria (SMEDAN), and the UK Department for Business and Trade, the gathering brought together policymakers, investors, and operators from both countries.

The message was clear: Nigeria’s SMEs and youth-led businesses represent one of the country’s most powerful levers for economic transformation, but unlocking that potential will require more deliberate and coordinated support.

As things stand, SMEs in Nigeria continue to face a set of well-defined and persistent constraints. Access to financing is still uneven, particularly for businesses without the collateral or operating history traditional institutions require.

Market access remains fragmented, making it difficult for many to reach customers beyond their immediate environment.

Infrastructure challenges, from inconsistent power supply to limited logistics networks, continue to drive up the cost of doing business, while uneven access to digital tools leaves many operating without the systems needed to scale effectively.

There is, however, a strong and concentrated effort to address these issues. SMEDAN is increasingly focused on providing practical support, connecting businesses to mentorship, improving access to funding, and working to close some of these structural gaps.

In parallel, the Ministry of Youth Development is investing in long-term capacity building through initiatives like the Nigerian Youth Academy, which has already enrolled over 400,000 young people across digital and physical platforms.

This domestic effort is also being reinforced by growing international engagement, particularly from the United Kingdom.

As a global financial hub, the UK plays a huge role as a supporting partner by bringing depth in capital markets, regulatory clarity, and access to global networks that Nigerian businesses can leverage as they scale.

This corridor has clearly been successful, with London now hosting more Africa-headquartered companies on its Stock Exchange than New York, and UK investors accounting for a significant share of capital inflows into Nigeria, supporting an ecosystem that has produced 75% of Africa’s unicorns.

Importantly, this engagement is evolving beyond capital into more structured forms of collaboration. Initiatives such as the UK–Nigeria Tech Hub continue to build talent and support founders, while digital access programmes are expanding connectivity and enabling participation in the digital economy.

The planned UK-supported startup sandbox in Nigeria is particularly noteworthy, as it reflects a shift toward creating environments where innovation can be tested and scaled within a supportive regulatory framework.

However, while the alignment between local and international governments and their agencies is encouraging and clearly underscores and validates the strength and potential of Nigerian startups, it cannot carry the full weight of what is required.

Government initiatives and international partnerships can lay the groundwork, but sustained growth will depend on how actively the private sector builds on that foundation.

What is needed is a broader, ecosystem-wide commitment by the private sector to build the structures and services that enable growth, particularly for SMEs. Without this, many SMEs will remain constrained, isolated, and unable to compete at scale.

For example, take financial services, particularly cross-border payments, which is an area where progress has been made, but not yet at the pace required. For many SMEs, the ability to move money efficiently across borders remains a significant constraint.

Traditional banking systems are often not designed with smaller businesses in mind, requiring extensive documentation, limiting access to foreign exchange, and introducing delays that can stretch transactions over several days or even weeks.

In response, fintech providers like Verto, are building more tailored alternatives, solutions that remain secure and compliant, while simplifying onboarding for SMEs and enabling access to faster, more cost-effective payment rails.

Reducing this friction is critical, as it allows businesses to operate more efficiently and engage more confidently in international trade.

The same approach needs to be applied more broadly. Access to funding cannot continue to depend on collateral-heavy models that exclude otherwise viable businesses; more practical indicators like cash flow and transaction history need to be taken seriously.

At the same time, technology should work for SMEs, not overwhelm them, tools need to be simple, affordable, and built around how these businesses actually operate day to day.

Market access also has to become more deliberate, with clearer and more reliable routes into supply chains, export markets, and procurement opportunities, rather than leaving businesses to navigate these paths alone.

Alongside this, addressing everyday infrastructure constraints, whether through shared logistics, embedded services, or practical partnerships, can significantly reduce the operational burden that slows growth.

At the end of the day, supporting SMEs is not an act of charity; it is a mutually beneficial business opportunity with wide-reaching economic outcomes.

These businesses are already creating value at scale, driving employment, expanding markets, and building solutions to real challenges. The opportunity now is to ensure the environment around them evolves just as deliberately, to ensure sustained growth and scale.

The Credit Conditions Survey (CCS) is a CBN publication that analyzes lending trends among banks and financial institutions.

It examines current and expected credit availability, demand, and terms for households and businesses.

This quarterly report helps to assess the health of the Nigerian credit market, inform monetary policy decisions, and provide insights into factors like loan approval rates, interest spreads, and borrower risk. This helps the Apex Bank to enact profound macroeconomic policies.

According to the report, in Q4 2025, the spreads on secured and unsecured lending rates to households widened to -10.8 and -2.0, respectively, relative to the Monetary Policy Rate (MPR).

For corporate lending, spreads narrowed for small businesses, large Private Non-Financial Corporations (PNFCs), and Other Financial Corporations (OFCs) at 14.8, 2.9, and 4.3 index points, respectively, while medium PNFCs reported a widening spread at -4.8 index points.

The CBN report revealed that lenders reported higher default rates for secured, unsecured, and all corporate lending types in Q4 2025.

The report covers five areas: the supply of credit, demand for credit, proportion of loan approvals, loan pricing, and loan default.

Supply of Credit

According to the CBN’s report, the lenders indicated a rise in credit availability for secured, unsecured, and corporate lending in Q4 2025.

The report revealed that the increase in credit availability was attributed to the changing economic outlooks and market share objectives for secured and corporate lending. For unsecured credit availability, the main factors affecting the increase in credit were attributed to the changing economic outlook and the changing cost/availability of funds. 

Demand for Credit

The report stated that respondents reported that the demand for credit facilities increased for secured, unsecured, and corporate lending.

All the demand for lending types reportedly increased in Q4 2025, except for demand for credit to OFCs, which remained unchanged. 

Proportions of Loan Approvals

According to the report, the respondents stated that the percentage of loan approvals in Q4 2025 increased for secured and corporate lending when compared to the previous quarter.

Loan Pricing

As per the report, in Q4 2025, the overall spreads on secured and unsecured lending rates to households in relation to the Monetary Policy Rate (MPR) widened at  10.8 and -2.0 points, respectively.

For Corporate lending, spreads on loans relative to MPR narrowed for small businesses, large Private Non-Financial Corporations (PNFCs), and Other Financial Corporations (OFCs) at 14.8, 2.9, and 4.3 index points, respectively. Medium PNFCs widened at -4.8 index points. 

Loan Defaults

The secured loan default rate declined from 5.1 index points in Q3 2025 to -2.2 index points in Q4 2025, the unsecured default rate advanced from – 8.6 index points to index points -3.0.

The Small businesses loan default rate appreciated from -7.8 index points in Q3 2025 to -3.9 index points in Q4 2025. The Medium PNFCs rose from -7.8% index points in Q3 2025 to -3.8% index points in Q4 2025.

The large PNFCs increased from -5.5 index points to -6.0, while OFCs were up from -5.5  index points to -6.2 index points. 

What You Should Know

The report analysis revealed that the lending conditions improved for secured loans as the default rates dropped significantly. This indicates a healthier repayment environment for collateral-backed debt.

The credit risk intensified for unsecured borrowers, small businesses, and medium-sized corporations, as their default rates rose closer to positive territory.

The large corporations and other financial companies saw a slight improvement in stability. The overall trend suggests a tightening of financial pressure on smaller businesses.

Many individuals, households, and Small and Medium-sized Businesses (SMEs) are finding it difficult to repay their loans and bank overdrafts as inflation, the cost of business operations, and the cost of living continue to bite harder.

By every global statistic, the continent is digitally switched on. But then, over 70% of its small businesses still cannot access proper finance or usable digital tools. 

We can stream, scan, tap, and swipe, but millions of founders still cannot fund growth or scale operations. That contradiction defines this moment.

Small and medium-sized enterprises account for about 95% of African businesses, generate roughly 40% of GDP, and employ over half of the workforce. The mobile sector alone already contributes more than $140 billion to sub-Saharan Africa’s economy. 

Add to this a population where over 60% are under the age of 25, and the picture becomes clear. Demand is not the problem. Infrastructure is not the problem. Leadership is the differentiator.

2026 is the year where surface-level innovation gives way to execution. The first wave of technology built rails, wallets, and connectivity. The next wave must bring credit that works, platforms that hold up under pressure, products people trust, and systems that serve the informal and formal economy equally. This work is quieter, slower, and far more difficult.

The people featured in this list are operating inside that gap. They are not reacting to growth but are organising it. Across finance, platforms, design, security, public systems, and digital services, these leaders are standing to enhance how Africa’s technology actually functions, not just how it is marketed.

These are the emerging leaders in tech to watch in 2026, because while the continent is busy counting connections, they are building results. 

In no particular order, they include:

1. Adeshina Adewumi

If Africa’s next chapter of growth will still be driven by small businesses, then the people in the background, fixing access to money deserve close attention. Adeshina Adewumi is one of them. 

We see his work as infrastructure in motion. After more than a decade across banking, asset management, and digital ventures, he now operates at the point where policy goal meets street-level execution. 

His experience at institutions like Stanbic IBTC gave him structure. His ventures gave him speed. The result is a founder who understands both the limits of traditional finance and the urgency of replacing it with something that actually works for SMEs.

At Trade Lenda, Adewumi is not just building a fintech product; he is building trust at scale. A community of over 260,000 SMEs does not grow by marketing alone. It grows because the platform solves a relatable problem, which is access to credit, insurance, and micro savings for businesses that banks routinely ignore. 

What makes this worth watching in 2026 is not the size of the network, but the model behind it. Data-driven credit decisions, mobile-first delivery, and partnerships that strengthen SME bankability rather than trap founders in debt cycles. This is why global recognition, from the Milken-Motsepe Prize in FinTech to IFC and EY awards, keeps following his work.

What elevates Adewumi into the emerging leader bracket is range. Through One Kiosk Africa, he is also tackling retail inefficiencies by connecting small merchants, supermarkets, and farmers directly to digital markets. 

Few founders operate confidently at the intersection of finance, retail technology, and trade policy. Fewer still sit on international trade bodies while building tools for market women and shop owners. 

He believes that Africa’s sustainability will be funded by structured, inclusive financing that allows MSMEs to grow on their own terms. By 2026, that philosophy may well impact how financial inclusion is measured across the continent.

2. Joshua Esiebo

That next chapter we talk about in Africa’s tech growth will not be driven only by startups. It will also be built inside large institutions that are reinventing themselves. Joshua Esiebo sits at that critical junction. 

At MTN, Africa’s largest telecoms group, his work as a senior manager in platforms management directly influences how millions experience digital services every day. His role is not limited to products, but more about direction, guiding a telecom giant away from pure connectivity and into a fully formed digital ecosystem.

Across Ayoba, MyMTN eMarketplace, MTN Play, and premium content platforms, Esiebo operates where technology, partnerships, and customer experience overlap. Platforms fail or scale based on governance, integration, and usability, so, you can tell how important his work is.

His focus on platform thinking, bringing content, payments, gaming, and data into coherent systems, is exactly what MTN needs as it executes its Ambition 2025 strategy and looks beyond it. By 2026, the success of MTN’s digital services will depend heavily on how well these platforms work together, not just how many users they attract.

What makes Esiebo one of the emerging leaders in tech to watch in 2026 is his ecosystem mindset. He builds with partners, not around them. OTT providers, fintech players, content creators, and startups all plug into systems designed for scale and reliability. 

Importantly, his work prioritises accessibility, ensuring platforms serve both urban and rural users without friction. This customer-first discipline is usually talked about and rarely enforced. As MTN strengthens its drive into fintech and digital lifestyle services, Esiebo represents a new class of African tech leader, platform-driven, partnership-led, and quietly influential.

3. Emmanuel Olorundare

Great technology fails without good design. Emmanuel Olorundare has built a career proving the opposite. When design is done right, products travel, scale, and stay resilient. 

A senior product designer, creative technologist, and startup co-founder, his work already spans Europe, Africa, the UK, and now North America.

He has built digital products that do not just scale geographically, but culturally. His influence is heavy on how complex systems are turned into simple, usable experiences that millions rely on daily.

As Co-founder of Gupta, supporting over 3,000 businesses globally, Olorundare operates at the sharp end of product execution. His fingerprints are also on platforms like AfriPay, which simplifies international payments for African students and migrants, and ShipAfrica, now active in over 200 countries. 

These are not design exercises but operational products solving payment friction, logistics complexity, and trust gaps across borders. Add to this Jami, a UK-based social platform focused on worthy connections, and we see a pattern;  Olorundare builds products where human behaviour, technology, and scale collide.

What places him among emerging leaders in tech to watch in 2026 is depth. His experience spans fintech, logistics, edtech, civic platforms, and AI-powered applications, yet his approach remains grounded in human-centred thinking. 

Beyond delivery, he is building future talent through mentorship across more than ten countries and UK-certified design education programmes. With an engineering-informed mindset and a designer’s instinct, he brings clarity to chaos and momentum to ideas. 

Design leadership is the difference between products people tolerate and products they trust. Emmanuel Olorundare understands this better than most.

4. Ogechi Okwechime

Some leaders build products. Others build markets. Ogechi Okwechime does both, and that is why she belongs on any serious watchlist for 2026. With more than fifteen years across banking and fintech, she has mastered the hard part of innovation in Africa, which is turning complex infrastructure into something businesses can actually use. 

At Interswitch, as Divisional Head of Growth Marketing for Enterprise Solutions, she operates behind the scenes of systems backing payments, preventing fraud, and keeping commerce moving at scale.

What makes her unique is her ability to turn technical depth into commercial momentum. When Verve needed to move beyond national relevance, Okwechime helped drive the strategy that transformed it into a truly African card scheme, active in over 22 countries. 

This was not expansion for clout. It was functional growth. Cards that worked across borders. Users who could shop on international platforms. Local consumers plugged into the global digital economy without friction. That alone changed how African payments are perceived.

Her record before Interswitch holds the same depth. At Access Bank, she helped launch digital loan products that reached over 50,000 borrowers. At Fidelity Bank, she scaled Instant Banking from nothing to more than 600,000 users. These are adoption numbers that reflect trust.

By 2026, as enterprise fintech solutions become more urgent to Africa’s economic plumbing, leaders like Okwechime, who combine product-led growth with disciplined execution, will define who wins and who fades.

5. Wallace Omobhude

Africa’s digital sustainability will be determined by how well large platforms understand entertainment, data, and youth culture. Wallace Omobhude is already deep in that work. 

At MTN Nigeria, he leads strategy for digital services with a focus on video and gaming, two verticals that sit at the centre of attention, engagement, and new revenue models. This is where telecoms stop selling data and start owning digital experiences.

Omobhude operates at a difficult confluence of product teams, marketing, regulators, and external content partners all pulling in different directions. His strength lies in alignment. OTT partnerships, VAS integrations, and regulatory compliance are handled with the same discipline as go-to-market execution. 

The result is platforms that scale without disorder. His work feeds directly into MTN’s diversification strategy, opening up entertainment-led revenue streams in a market where youth demographics are impossible to ignore.

Why watch him in 2026? Because MTN’s next phase depends on leaders who understand ecosystems. Omobhude’s data-driven approach, combined with sharp consumer insight, positions MTN to capture value far beyond connectivity. 

Gaming, video, and digital content are not side projects anymore. They are core to how Africa’s largest telecom stays relevant. Leaders who can build and govern these platforms will impact the industry’s direction. Wallace is already doing that work.

6. Nnaemeka Ani

Every tech ecosystem needs builders who think beyond products and into purpose. Nnaemeka Ani is one of those rare figures. He does not go after trends. He dismantles problems to their core and rebuilds from first principles. 

As Founder of MGX Research Centre and MexyGabriel Tech Company, Ani operates across research, infrastructure, policy, and execution, a combination that gives his work unusual depth and national relevance.

MGX Research is not a think tank for theory’s sake. It is a working laboratory focused on deployable systems across data science, cybersecurity, digital identity, smart cities, education, health, robotics, and automation. 

Ani believes that Africa’s growth will not come from borrowed solutions, but from systems designed for local realities and owned locally. This philosophy drives his push for digital sovereignty and African-built data infrastructure, turning code into both social and commercial value.

His influence expands into governance. As Special Adviser on ICT to the Enugu State Governor, Ani is proving that technology and public policy do not have to operate in parallel worlds. His work in Enugu shows what happens when political will meets technical clarity, resulting in better services, smarter systems, and a functional digital ecosystem. 

With Nigeria approaching major milestones in broadband expansion and tax reform in 2026, Ani represents a new kind of leader, part technologist, part reformer, fully invested in nation-building. He is one of the emerging leaders in tech to watch in 2026 not because he speaks loudly, but because his work changes structures.

7. Abraham Oghenero Efemena

Scale is usually discussed loosely in tech. Abraham Oghenero Efemena treats it as discipline. He is the Founder and Chief Executive Officer of Apex Web Network Limited who has built a fintech platform operating across Africa and key European markets, with a focus on structure, resilience, and growth.

His leadership style is more operational than performative. Systems first. Expansion second. Noise last.

Reaching 300,000 active users in 2025 is not a small win. It shows product trust across borders, regulatory environments, and user behaviour patterns. That kind of traction only happens when infrastructure works quietly and consistently. 

Efemena oversees every moving part of Apex Web Network, ensuring teams, technology, and market strategy move in sync. This hands-on leadership is essential in fintech, where failure usually comes from weak internal alignment rather than bad ideas.

Why is he among the emerging leaders in tech to watch in 2026? Because the next phase goes beyond surviving to controlled expansion. As Apex Web Network grows its user base and deepens its footprint, Efemena is building the company to compete in markets where compliance, security, and user experience determine winners. He represents a class of founders building for longevity.

8. Victor Daniyan

Payments are the bloodstream of any digital economy. Victor Daniyan understands this, and he is rebuilding how that system works across Africa. 

The CEO and Founder of Nearpays is pushing payment acceptance away from hardware-heavy models and into scalable, software-led infrastructure. We could call his work foundational, because when payments become easier, entire ecosystems are opened.

Nearpays has received recognition from EY, TechCabal, BusinessDay, and global platforms such as GITEX and the UN AI for Good Innovation Factory. The startup is empowering over 50,000 users through contactless and Soft POS solutions. 

Daniyan’s leadership sits on applied innovation and real-world adoption, proving that inclusion works best when technology fades into the background.

Looking forward to 2026, the company is entering its scale phase, with expansion in Nigeria and Ghana, stronger collaboration with Visa, and a focus on usability. Victor Daniyan stands among emerging leaders in tech to watch in 2026 because he is not just building a fintech product, but changing how businesses participate in the digital economy. That impact will only grow.

9. Peter Ndukwo

Every digital system is only as strong as the people testing its limits. Peter Ndukwo lives at that edge. As a Web3 Security Researcher and Smart Contract Auditor, his work protects some of the most valuable and complex decentralised systems in the world. When security fails, innovation collapses.

His record speaks; Audits on Chainlink, ZetaChain, and Brevis Pico. Multiple high-severity vulnerabilities discovered solo. Over 30 competitive audit wins across Sherlock and Code4rena. These are not academic exercises, they secure billions in value and protect users. 

Beyond these, his work at Zippel Labs places him inside zero-knowledge systems and cryptographic research driving the next generation of blockchain infrastructure.

Why he is placed among emerging tech leaders to watch in 2026 is not far-fetched. With decentralised systems becoming more complex, the cost of failure increases. Ndukwo is securing protocols and also mentoring African security researchers, as well as building tools to automate vulnerability discovery. 

He represents a system where Africa goes beyond using just decentralised systems to actively safeguarding and enhancing them.

10. Oluwatomi Alagbe

Security leadership today demands more than defence. It demands foresight. Oluwatomi Alagbe, one of the emerging tech leaders to watch in 2026, brings that perspective. Based in Tallinn and working at the convergence of cybersecurity, crypto, and advanced research systems, his career shows depth rather than drift. His strength is seen in how he turns complex risk into systems people can actually trust.

From protecting users at Malwarebytes to contributing to Caesar’s deep research platform, Alagbe’s work centres on resilience. He does not chase threats reactively; he builds frameworks that anticipate them. 

His experience across AI-driven systems and crypto environments gives him a rare interdisciplinary view, one that is becoming more important as boundaries between sectors blur.

What makes 2026 pivotal is what he is building next. Razzle, an AI-native communication platform, challenges how teams collaborate by placing intelligent systems at the core, not the edges. 

Alongside this, his continued work at Caesar focuses on reliability and real-world applicability, not abstraction. Alagbe is unique because he understands that trust is the currency of the next digital era, and security is how that trust is earned.

This transition dictates how businesses grow and survive in the new year, and the next decade at large.

Recent data shows about 95% of businesses in Africa are SMEs, and they contribute roughly 40% of the continent’s GDP and more than half of its jobs. Most of these firms are now part of digital ecosystems where data flows through every transaction and interaction.

That alone is reason enough to pay attention.

Why the Shift to Data is Important

In the early phase of digital adoption (roughly 2015–2022), the story was about embracing digital payments, online stores and basic apps. 

By 2025, that matured. Digital transactions are now the norm. For example, surveys show over 99% of SMEs in Nigeria accept digital payments, and in South Africa around 90% of SMEs do the same, not just to be modern, but because it improves financial management, cash flow and customer access. 

These payment records generate data. And the most forward-thinking firms are going beyond collecting that data to acting on it.

Data is being used to:

• Spot slow-moving inventory weeks before stockouts happen
• Predict which customer segments are most profitable
• Adjust pricing after analysing local demand shifts
• Evaluate creditworthiness based on transaction histories

This is happening now and companies that learn to turn raw numbers into decisions are gaining advantage.

What “Data-Driven” Really Looks Like on the Ground

Being data-driven doesn’t mean you need a team of PhDs or massive budgets. For African SMEs in 2025, it meant practical actions:

1. Operational Decisions Replace Guesswork

Business owners are looking at sales patterns weekly, not just quarterly. They monitor which products sell at different times and adjust inventory accordingly. Even simple dashboards from payment providers can reveal trends previously invisible.

2. Digital Banking and Lending Get Smarter

Banks across Africa are investing heavily in SME services that use data, not paper forms, to evaluate credit risk. A recent industry report shows 83% of banks now treat SME banking as a strategic priority, using mobile platforms and analytics tools to serve these clients better. 

Mobile banking is especially important because it reaches businesses in rural or underserved regions. These platforms also generate data that lenders and firms can use to make decisions faster and with less bias.

3. Adoption Still Uneven, But Growing Fast

While basic digital tools are widely used, sophisticated data usage is still emerging. Digital onboarding (where a business can open an account entirely online) is fully available in only around 42% of cases, showing that there’s still work to be done.

Unreliable internet in some regions, high data costs, and skill gaps are causing limitations. But where these challenges are overcome, businesses are already seeing results.

The Economic Importance

If SMEs are the backbone of economic activity, and evidence says they are, then better decision-making at this level scales into macro performance:

• Greater resilience to shocks: Firms that read their own data can react quicker to supply delays, currency swings or demand drops.
• Improved access to finance: Data signals help lenders reduce risk, which expands credit availability. Digital lending products using analytics are growing in availability.
• Higher productivity: Data helps reduce waste and simplify operations, both essential in thin-margin environments where small inefficiencies compound quickly.

Enhanced data use directly influences how investment is allocated and how business strategies evolve.

Lessons from 2025

As the year closes, let’s take a look at a few patterns:

1. Digital adoption is widespread, especially for payments and banking interfaces.
2. True data usage is growing, but uneven across regions and sectors.
3. Financial institutions are doubling down on data-enabled services like mobile banking and analytics.
4. Infrastructure continues to improve, with new data centres and cloud partnerships aimed at reducing costs and boosting speed. 

Looking Forward to 2026

If 2025 was the year data went from novelty to necessity, then 2026 will be the year businesses start competing on it.

I expect the following trends to become more visible:

• SMEs using predictive analytics at scale, not just reporting what happened, but anticipating what will.
• Data literacy emerging as a core business skill, not a bonus.
• Policy and infrastructure balance, as governments and service providers invest in reducing data costs and expanding connectivity.

For anyone leading an SME in Africa, pay attention to the fact that technology without data just sits on a shelf. Data is what turns technology into decision power.

He also disclosed that large businesses will benefit from reduced tax obligations under the new reforms. Oyedele made this known on Friday, December 26, 2025, in Lagos, after briefing President Bola Tinubu on the committee’s progress.

According to him, the overarching goal of the tax reforms is to drive economic growth, promote inclusivity, and ensure shared prosperity for Nigerians.

“Small businesses, 97% of them, will be exempt from corporate income tax, VAT, and withholding tax, while large businesses will see a reduction in the taxes they pay.

“The whole idea is to promote economic growth, inclusivity, and shared prosperity for our people. We are excited about the progress made so far and are looking forward to January 1, 2026,” Oyedele said.

Responding to calls for the suspension of the reforms following claims that the gazetted laws differ from the bills passed by the National Assembly, Oyedele clarified that the tax reform bills spent nine months at the National Assembly before being signed into law.

He noted that since President Bola Tinubu assented to the bills, the committee has been actively engaging in public sensitisation, capacity building, system upgrades, and stakeholder consultations ahead of implementation.

“As you know, the tax reform bills were at the National Assembly for nine months, from October 2024 to June 2025. Preparation started from day one. Since the laws were signed, we’ve had about six months of preparation, system upgrades, capacity building, and sensitisation.

“This type of reform is a work in progress. You don’t get perfection immediately; you improve as you go. We believe we are ready to commence,” he said.

Oyedele explained that the reason two of the tax laws took effect about six months earlier was to allow key institutions to prepare adequately.

“For instance, you cannot set up the office of the tax board and expect it to function fully from day one. These things take time,” he added.

He further emphasised that continuous engagement with professionals and organised private sector groups remains a priority as implementation approaches.

On revenue expectations, Oyedele stressed that the reforms are not designed for immediate revenue generation but to promote fairness and expand the tax base.

“The intention is not instant revenue. Over time, revenue comes from growth. When the economy grows, people pay taxes not because rates have increased, but because the tax base has expanded. These reforms also eliminate wasteful and distortionary incentives, encourage a stronger tax culture, and improve compliance.

“When people who were previously not paying taxes begin to do so, and they are not low-income earners, society becomes fairer, and government revenue improves naturally,” he concluded.

And in that same year, Nigeria recorded roughly 7.9 billion real-time digital payment transactions.

But now, in late 2025, something curious is happening. About half of Nigerian SMEs, once heavily cash-dependent, now rely on fintech platforms for their core business banking needs including payroll, payments, cashflow, and even basic credit.

I usually find myself asking, is this true financial inclusion or is it just an elegant, digital rebrand of the same old inefficiencies?

How We Got Here: Building the Rails (2010–2025)

Mobile Money Era (2010–2015)

Back then, mobile money meant USSD codes and agents. Quick person-to-person transfers. For many Nigerians, especially those outside major cities, this was a breakthrough. 

It brought, for the first time, a way to move money without visiting a bank branch. But the system had some limits, minimal functionality. Saving, loans, invoicing, these were mostly out of reach.

Fintech Explosion (2016–2020)

Smartphones became more common. Fintech apps began providing wallets, easy payments, and basic services. The idea of cashless started to stick. Entrepreneurs could now send payments, collect revenues, and do business without stacks of naira notes.

But still, bookkeeping was manual, payroll was offline, credit was almost nonexistent for most small businesses. Many SMEs operated in hybrid mode, some digital payments, but plenty of paper bills, manual ledgers, cash-in-hand.

Cloud-Native Finance (2021–2025)

The last few years changed things more radically. Rather than just payments, SMEs now get banking-as-a-service: invoices, payroll, reconciliations, lending, expense tracking, all via APIs and cloud tools. Digital banking isn’t just consumer-facing anymore, it’s business-native.

Fintech companies have proliferated. By early 2025, there were over 430 fintech firms operating in Nigeria, a 68% increase from 2024. The convenience is real, apps onboard fast, many offer light KYC, and services are usually cheaper than traditional banks.

Now, SMEs can run near-full financial operations online. No “bank visits once a month.” No “cash purchased and moved by hand.” Everything runs digitally.

The SME Reality in 2025: What’s Actually Happening

• According to a 2025 index by Mastercard, 99% of Nigerian SMEs now accept digital payments.
• Around 50% of SMEs now rely on fintech platforms for banking functions such as collections, payroll, cash-flow management, and occasionally lending.
• Among SMEs that were “cash-only” not too long ago, 76% say they plan to invest in new payment technologies.
• Many SME owners say digital payments improved customer experience, reduced downtime, and cut reliance on physical cash, which can be risky or cumbersome.

In short, digital finance is no longer a nice-to-have add-on. It’s now core to how many small businesses operate.

That transition should matter at the macroeconomic level. More efficient SMEs mean faster transactions, better record-keeping, easier scaling. Tax authorities get better visibility. Credit providers get cleaner data. Growth becomes more traceable.

Inclusion or Efficiency

Financial inclusion, yes, but how deep?

Digital payments have made it easier to transact. SMEs can receive payments, pay suppliers, and manage cash with less issues. For many micro and small businesses, that’s a big leap from cash-only days.

But inclusion isn’t only about access. Factual inclusion should mean affordability, reliability, and long-term economic mobility. That’s where things get murkier.

The catch behind the convenience

• Transaction expenses is real. Digital or not, fees accrue. For many small businesses, those add up. Over time, the burden may shift from the consumer to the business.
• Platform lock-in. Once an SME is embedded in a fintech ecosystem, made up of payments, bookkeeping, maybe even credit, switching becomes expensive. That wears away competition.
• Credit is still a weak point. Having a digital footprint doesn’t guarantee good credit. Many small firms lack the data history institutions need to underwrite loans at reasonable rates.
• Infrastructure gaps are still there. In many regions, connectivity is poor. Power outages, network failures, or USSD downtime wipe out the benefits. For those on the margins, rural SMEs, women-led SMEs and informal traders, digital finance may be inaccessible or unreliable.
• Digital tools don’t automatically solve structural problems like inflation, currency instability, lack of collateral, supply-chain fragility, or regulatory unpredictability.

So while many SMEs may now have the tools, whether those tools become stability, growth, and resilience is still up for discussion.

Digitising Old Inefficiencies; A Reality Check

Digital finance has simplified many processes. But in many cases, it has simply transformed old inefficiencies into new ones.

Fragmented infrastructure. Multiple fintech platforms, each with its own policy, fees, limits, and downtime. For an SME juggling several services, integration becomes messy.

Costs are burdensome. Many SMEs now pay for digital services such as payment processing, inventory tools, subscription-based bookkeeping or payroll apps. Over time, these expenses chip away at margins.

Credit and liquidity still constrained. Digital transaction history doesn’t always translate to creditworthiness. Few fintech platforms provide noteworthy working capital at scale, and traditional lenders remain sceptical.

Regulation, compliance, and hesitation. The regulatory environment is still growing. Licensing, compliance, data protection, KYC requirements, these can be blockers for many small operators.

Infrastructure risk. Network instability, power issues, SIM-swap fraud, or downtime can affect a business that relies solely on digital rails.

In effect, digital finance has made SMEs look and feel more formal. But the economic engines that drive growth, stable credit, reliable infrastructure, competitive markets, are still uneven and weak.

Macroeconomic Impact: Progress and Risks

Where we see real positive effects

• Transaction visibility & formalisation: More SMEs are traceable, easier for regulators and tax authorities to monitor economic activity. That could enlarge the tax base and improve revenue.
• Lower transaction friction: Digital payments are faster, more reliable, and often safer than cash, reducing costs tied to logistics, theft, and cash handling.
• Enhanced operational efficiency: For SMEs, digital bookkeeping, payroll, supplier payments help save time, freeing up mental bandwidth and resources.
• Potential for data-driven credit and growth tools: Over time, digital footprints may allow lenders to design better credit products, supply-chain financing, or working-capital services.
• Job and sector growth: Fintech companies, mobile agents, and digital payment ecosystems create employment beyond traditional banking.

But there are still risks of systemic inefficiency

• Platform dependency & monopolisation: If a few fintech companies top the space, small businesses lose bargaining power. Costs may stay high; switching platforms may be hard.
• Hidden cost burden: What seems “free” or “cheap” can accumulate; transaction fees, subscription fees, float charges, digital-service fees. Over time, small margins can be worn away.
• Financial exclusion for the most vulnerable: Those without stable internet, smartphones, or digital literacy, rural traders, older entrepreneurs, women-led businesses, may be left out.
• Regulatory & systemic risk: Without consistent regulation and oversight, fraud, downtime, or misuse of data can harm trust, and erode inclusion gains.
• Economic fragility: Digital finance doesn’t solve macro problems like inflation, currency volatility, poor infrastructure, or supply-chain instability. Without comprehensive reforms, many SMEs will continually be vulnerable.

What Must Change for Real Inclusion (Not Just Digitisation)

To move from “neat digital rails” to “stable economic engines,” we need more than apps.

• Interoperability & open standards. Fintech platforms, banks, regulators must agree on shared protocols. SMEs shouldn’t be locked into a single ecosystem.
• Transparent pricing & fair fees. Digital services must be affordable and predictable, not exploitative over time.
• Solid infrastructure. Reliable power, broadband, especially outside megacities, needs serious investment. Otherwise, digital tools will remain an urban luxury.
• Tailored SME credit products. Lenders need to trust digital histories and build flexible credit that matches SME cash flow cycles.
• Digital literacy & support for underserved entrepreneurs. Training, especially for rural and informal entrepreneurs, to ensure access isn’t limited to the urban, educated elite.
• Regulatory clarity and consumer/SME protection. Data protection, fair-use terms, oversight against fraud, these must be standard.
• Holistic economic reforms. Currency stability, inflation control, reliable supply-chain infrastructure, these foundational issues can’t be ignored.

What the Next Five Years Could Bring, if We Get It Right

If we address these gaps, the next half-decade might truly change SME finance in Nigeria:

• Cloud-based “business operating systems”, invoice to payment to payroll to credit in a single workflow.
• Embedded credit and supply-chain financing tailored to SMEs’ cash flow realities.
• Real-time payments are becoming the default, even for micro-transactions and informal economy players.
• Data-driven loan underwritings, allowing micro-businesses to grow without collateral.
• Greater formalisation, more SMEs in the tax net; better regulation; more visibility for policy-makers.
• Growth of SMEs beyond survival mode, longer-term capital investment, expansion, jobs creation.

But if we don’t fix current weaknesses, there’d be high costs, infrastructure gaps, platform lock-in, this digital transition risks becoming another layer of friction, not liberation.

A New Financial Skeleton, But Are We Building a True Body?

Digital finance in Nigeria has built a sturdy skeleton. Payments flow, accounts exist, many SMEs operate online. That is progress. Profound progress, even.

But a skeleton alone does not make a human being. For actual economic inclusion, for SMEs to grow securely and sustainably, we need flesh, muscles, stable credit, fair pricing, infrastructure, regulation, inclusion for the marginalised.

I believe digital finance brings a huge turnaround. But a promise alone isn’t enough. If we’re honest, we must ask: are we building a new financial fate for SMEs or simply repackaging old systems with a shinier interface?

Because if we don’t fix the in-depth structural problems, the only thing we’ll have done is made inefficiency look digital.

This call was made at the 2025 Social Enterprise Dialogue session, powered by the Enterprise Development Centre (EDC) of Pan-Atlantic University and Fidelity Bank during the 2025 Global Entrepreneurship Week held in Lagos.

Mrs. Odunayo Sanya, the keynote speaker and executive director at MTN Nigeria Foundation, who spoke on the theme: ‘Purpose meets profit: building an impact-driven enterprise for a better future’, reechoed the call and urged entrepreneurs to ensure the purpose of their businesses is bigger than profit.

She said,

“Entrepreneurs need to know that purpose is critical in building a business. That it is not just about the profits, when you have a purpose, and you are driven by your purpose, you will be guided by pillars to purpose, which include ethics, values, and good governance.”

Mrs. Sanya emphasised the importance of culture in building local businesses and advised entrepreneurs to consider culture as a critical ingredient because culture will always eat strategy for breakfast,” she added.

She advised entrepreneurs to build beyond themselves because small businesses grow into big businesses in the long term.

According to her,

“Entrepreneurs should build beyond themselves. A small business today grows into a big business tomorrow. They shouldn’t settle for the small visions of their businesses, and the small versions, too. They should have a mental image of what their business is about in the long term. And they shouldn’t play the short-term game, but they should play the long-term game, where even after they’re long gone, their efforts through their establishments will continue to serve humanity,” she enthused.

Dr. Olawale Anifowose, the managing director, Global Entrepreneurship Network (GEN Nigeria), encouraged Nigerian-owned small businesses to innovate and create offerings that do not just generate revenue but also fulfil the needs of both individuals and the community.

Chiwike Okere, team lead in the SMEs Banking Group at Fidelity Bank, who spoke on the bank’s collaborative effort with EDC said,

“Fidelity Bank, being a bank that is focused on supporting entrepreneurs and SMEs, deems it very key and important to be associated with this event. And that is why we are partnering with one of our long-standing partners, EDC, to support the various activities that are geared towards showcasing entrepreneurs showcasing how different kinds of institutions can support entrepreneurs, and more importantly, showcasing how our bank is supporting entrepreneurs in Nigeria.”

Moniepoint’s 2025 Informal Economy Report reveals what most Nigerians already live, small businesses are earning more but gaining less.

Sixty-five percent of Nigeria’s informal businesses across the country reported an increase in revenue over the past year, but only 47% saw a growth in profit. At the same time, 79% said the cost of doing business had increased, driven mainly by higher supplier prices, transport expenses, and the relentless depreciation of the naira.

This contradiction, of higher earnings but shrinking returns, captures the state of the Nigerian economy today.

Growth Without Profits

The country’s informal economy looks alive. The markets are filled with activities, goods are moving daily, artisans are finding work, and service providers are busy, but look deeper, they are all exhausted. 

The report stresses how traders, among others, watch their margins evaporate, unable to keep pace with inflation. “The cost of doing business has increased for 80% of informal businesses in that same period. A goal for us in this report was to establish context like this: helping key stakeholders see and understand the effects of every decision made on informal businesses, and giving them a voice where they’ve previously gone largely unheard,” said Tosin Eniolorunda, founder and group CEO, Moniepoint Inc.

Unsurprisingly, 44% of Nigeria’s informal businesses make less than ₦20,000 daily in revenue, and most make profit of only ₦10,000 to ₦20,000 a day. Business owners skip meals to restock, workers forgo pay to keep their jobs.

And for women-owned businesses, 41% of women earn below ₦10,000 daily, compared to 34% of men. It tells us that Nigeria’s informal economy, while inclusive in appearance, still aligns with the inequalities of the formal one.

Survival Mode Economics

We see an economy built on individuals, isolated, unstructured and overstretched, highly fragmented. Eighty-five percent of informal businesses are sole proprietorships, usually run by one person who handles everything from supply to sales to bookkeeping. Only 40% employ labour, and when they do, it’s typically one to three workers. It’s not that they don’t want to expand, it’s just that they can’t afford to.

Record keeping is also informal. Seventy-five percent of business owners say they track their income and expenses, but 38% disclose they do so mentally, without written or digital records. Most lack a clear view of their cash flow, making them invisible to lenders and policymakers.

That lack of structure limits access to credit, planning, and long-term growth.

Credit access is also deteriorating as 51% of informal business owners have never taken a loan and have no intention to do so, compared to 30% in the last report.

Fear of debt, high interest rates, and lack of collateral keep them shut out of the financial system. Among those who borrow, only 6% have ever secured loans above ₦1 million, with digital lenders and microfinance banks emerging as their most common sources.

The result is a self-sustaining cycle of informality; low records, low credit, low growth.

Inflation and the Cost of Resilience

Inflation has become the most punishing cost of doing business in Nigeria. It’s the invisible tax that eats into every sale, every restock and every saving. 

Dr Nurudeen Abubakar Zauro, technical adviser to the President on Economic and Financial Inclusion, explained:

“With the removal of fuel subsidies and devaluation of the Naira by the monetary authorities, inflation rate increased from 22.41% in May 2023 to a climax of 34.8% by December 2024 according to the data from the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS). In July 2025, inflation rate declined drastically to 21.88%.”

For informal businesses, that drop brings a little comfort. Inflation may have eased statistically, but prices are still suffocating. The report found that while 74% of business owners save money, 69% save less than ₦50,000 monthly, and 42% say their savings cannot last a month if their business income stops.

Even the much-celebrated digital transition has not fully arrived. While many businesses use transfers to restock, most still prefer to receive payments in cash, and only 16% say digital transactions account for more than half of their total revenue. The infrastructure may be modern, but consumer behaviour is still very traditional and survival rarely leaves room for experimentation.

Policy and Structural Limitations

For an economy that contributes around 65% of the nation’s GDP and supports over 80% of jobs, the informal sector is strangely underserved by policy. It sustains Nigeria, but without protection. 

Dr Chinyere Almona, director-general of the Lagos Chamber of Commerce and Industry, noted:

“The most pressing challenge, therefore, is misaligned policy frameworks that inadequately balance revenue generation with sectoral resilience, inadvertently driving many players further into informality. What is needed is not merely regulation, but coherent regulatory empathy, a framework that recognises informality as a springboard for innovation, employment, and resilience, rather than a nuisance to be managed.”

Despite recent policy initiatives such as the Nigeria Consumer Credit Corporation (CrediCorp), the Nigeria Tax Administration Act (NTAA), and small business registration campaigns, the report disclosed that formalisation is still out of reach for most small business owners, expensive, bureaucratic and unrewarding. 

“Although many informal businesses are unfamiliar with the process of registering their business, the assumption is that it is costly and complex. These assumptions make them unlikely to attempt the process,” said Zauro.

It’s not a lack of will, but a lack of trust. 

From Resilience to Reform

If there’s one thread that ties Moniepoint’s findings together, it’s that resilience is not enough. The informal sector needs access, not a round of applause.

In her commentary, Dr. Almona called for a shift in thinking. “Policies must pivot from punitive compliance models to incentive-driven, inclusion-focused strategies to effectively support growth and formalisation.”

That means simplifying registration, improving access to finance, expanding digital infrastructure, and providing targeted support for women entrepreneurs; all areas where private sector players like Moniepoint, SMEDAN, and IFC are already collaborating and this must continue in order to bridge the trust gap between the street and the system. 

Moniepoint’s report measures Nigeria’s informal economy, exposing its weaknesses and the fatigue of millions of businesses. Nigerians are counting coins under candlelight, calculating what can wait till tomorrow. Informal businesses are the backbone of the economy, but they’re carrying too much weight without support.

Until policymakers, financiers, and regulators begin to design for their reality, not their assumptions, Nigeria’s growth will stay uneven. The country’s entrepreneurs are doing their part. It’s time the system met them halfway.